Patch_W_Adams National Fox Blog

This is only a test...

New safety rules for children's clothes have stores in a fit Email Picture Mark Boster / Los Angeles Times A Goodwill store in Los Angeles is among those that will be required to pay for private testing for lead and phthalates of all clothing for those under age 13. Some owners say the cost of testing for toxic lead and phthalates will shut their businesses. The law goes into effect Feb. 10. By Alana Semuels
January 2, 2009 Barring a reprieve, regulations set to take effect next month could force thousands of clothing retailers and thrift stores to throw away trunkloads of children's clothing.

The law, aimed at keeping lead-filled merchandise away from children, mandates that all products sold for those age 12 and younger -- including clothing -- be tested for lead and phthalates, which are chemicals used to make plastics more pliable. Those that haven't been tested will be considered hazardous, regardless of whether they actually contain lead.

"They'll all have to go to the landfill," said Adele Meyer, executive director of the National Assn. of Resale and Thrift Shops.

The new regulations take effect Feb. 10 under the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act, which was passed by Congress last year in response to widespread recalls of products that posed a threat to children, including toys made with lead or lead-based paint.

Supporters say the measure is sorely needed. One health advocacy group said it found high levels of lead in dozens of products purchased around the country, including children's jewelry, backpacks and ponchos.

Lead can also be found in buttons or charms on clothing and on appliques that have been added to fabric, said Charles Margulis, communications director for the Center for Environmental Health in Oakland. A child in Minnesota died a few years ago after swallowing a lead charm on his sneaker, he said.

But others say the measure was written too broadly. Among the most vocal critics to emerge in recent weeks are U.S.-based makers of handcrafted toys and handmade clothes, as well as thrift and consignment shops that sell children's clothing. To Read the Whole Article Go To: http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-thrift2-2009jan0
2,0,2083247.story The Story Doesn't say it, but this also covers Flea Markets, Garage Sales and anywhere people sell kids stuff used or new...... Well there went one Freedom, the Freedom to sell my kids clothes to a Resale shop...that is unless I am rich enough to get it tested first..which costs more than the Clothes are worth.......

Starting next month Kids Clothes and Toys can not be sold without first getting tested for lead and phthalates.  Phthalates is a chemical in plastics that make it soft, in California  they say it's harmful but that is still a big debate on that.  

That means you can not sell your Kids Clothes or Toys in a Garage Sale, Flea Market, Resale Shop, etc...without First having them tested for lead and phthalates.  Even if the item does not contain lead but does contain phthalates it has to be disposed of.

Here is the Link:

http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-thrift2-2009j
an02,0,2083247.story

 

 

Little Known Heros of the Revolution

The Boston Massacre

March 5th 1770.  The Boston Massacre....Crispus Attucks was not only the First  American Martyr of the Revolution, he was also the Organizer and leader of the Crowd that confronted the British Soldiers at Boston that day.    He was also the Formost in Resisting the British Soldiers and as a result the First one Killed.   

In 1851 there was a Petition presented to the Massachusetts Legislature for the appropriation of Funds to build a Monument to the First American Martyr of the Revolution, Crispus Attucks.  The Petition was denied.

On the 5th of March, 1776, Washington repaired to the intrenchments. "Remember," said he, "it is the 5th of March, and avenge the death of your brethren!"

The Battle of Bunker Hill

June 17th 1775, The Battle of Bunker Hill.   Patriots after surronding the City of Boston, took up postions on the Charlestown Peninsula on top of Bunker Hill and Breed's Hill North of town across the Bay.   During this battle between 1,500 American Patriots and 2,400 British Soliders took part.  While the British did take both Hills they suffered Heavy losses.  British casualties were about 1,150 killed and wounded, while the Patriots suffered 450 Killed and wounded.  

But out of those who died 2 famous People were Killed in the Fighting.  A Patriot named General Warren and a British Major of Marines Pitcarin.  The Little known Hero is the Man who Killed Major Pitcarin was named Henry Hill.   After the Battle he was was presented to General Washington for his heroic Fighting and the killing of the Major.   In Pictures made of the Battle he was at First a Prominent Figure, but over time he has been forgotten and ingloriously left out.

Henry Hill also fought in the battles of Lexington, Brandywine, Monmouth, Princeton, and Yorktown. He died in Chilicothe, on the 12th of August, 1833, aged eighty years. He was buried with the honors of war and eventually forgotten to History.

Dorchester Heights

On March 4th, 1776 Boston.  Washington received 59 Cannon from the Captured British fort of Ticondaroga.  Overnight the Patriots Constructed Fortifications and installed the Cannon on the Heights overlooking British occupied Boston.   This move eventually led to the British evacutaion of Boston on March 17th, 1776.  March 17 is celebrated as Evacuation Day in some Massachusetts communities.

But one Little known Hero is James Easton.   James Easton, of Bridgewater, was one who participated in the erection of the fortifications on Dorchester Heights, under command of Washington.  His talents were invaluable in the Construciton of the fortifications.

 Mr. Easton was a manufacturing blacksmith, and his forge and nail factory, where were he also made edge tools and anchors, was extensively known, for its superiority of workmanship. Much of the iron work for the Tremont Theatre and Boston Marine Railway was executed under his supervision. Mr. Easton was self-educated. When a young man, stipulating for work, he always provided for chances of evening study. He was welcome to the business circles of Boston as a man of strict integrity, and the many who resorted to him for advice in complicated matters styled him "the Lawyer." His sons, Caleb, Joshua, Sylvanus, and Hosea, inherited his mechanical genius and mental ability.

Crossing of the Delaware

December 25th, 1776 Trenton.  In a daring tactic, General Washington in the Dead of Winter decide to attack the town of Trenton.  In the middle of the night and during a snow storm the Patriots crossed the Delaware River and then attacked the Hessian Mercenaries and British Troops occuping the Town.  It was an absolute and complete Victory.

A Little known Hero was Oliver Cromwell.   He enlisted in company commanded by Capt. Lowery, attached to the Second New Jersey Regiment, under the command of Col. Israel Shreve. He was at the battles of Trenton, Princeton, Brandywine, Monmouth, and Yorktown.   Cromwell was brought up a farmer, having served his time with Thomas Hutchins, Esq., his maternal uncle. He was, for six years and nine months, under the immediate command of Washington, whom he loved affectionately. "His discharge "at the close of the war, was in Washington's own hand-writing, of which he was very proud, often speaking of it. He received, annually, ninety-six dollars pension. He lived a long and honorable life.  He lost three sons and three daughters; had fourteen children who reached the age of maturity--seven sons and seven daughters. He saw his grand-children to the third generation. He was a man of strong natural powers--never chewed tobacco nor drank a glass of ardent spirit. He died, in the town of his birth, January 24th, 1853.

There is another little known Hero at the Crossing.  Prince Whipple was a Body Guard to General Whipple of New Hampshire, who was an Aid to General Washington.  In the Engraving done of the Night of December 25th 1776, Prince Whipple can be seen Proudly riding Horseback, next to General Washington and General Whipple.   More Modern Artist's failed to add him to other renditions of that Glorious Night. 

Prince was beloved by all who knew him. He was the "Caleb Quotem" of Portsmouth, where, he died at the age of thirty-two, leaving a widow and children.

The Spy of Lafayette

One Little known hero is James Armistead Lafayette.   James was a man who Volunteered his service to General Lafayette of the Continential Army.  So impressed with this Man General Lafayette asked  him to be a Spy.   Upon agreeing to this task, he was able to get himself employed by the British General Cornwallis.    Cornwallis was also so impressed  by him that he in turn, asked him to spy for the British Army.  So James Armistead started Feeding the British false information till the Surrender of General Cornwallis.  So perfect was the Acting of James that not until Cornwallis met James in the Headquarters tent of General Lafayette, did his true identity and mission become known to him.   James was so fond of General Lafayette that he took his last name as a sign of his loyalty and appreciation.   The Service provided by James and the success of his mission was immeasurable to the success over Cornwallis.

 

Americans All..

What some of you may have already figured out is that not only are these American Heros.   But they are American Heros that happen to be African American.   The reason for not including this earlier, is because it matters little what the Color of their skin was.  All that matters is that they are Heros, American Heros that fought for not only Our Liberty and Freedom, but their Liberty and the Freedom of Future Generations.

The Continential Army was so integrated by the end of the Revolutionary War, 1/4th of it was made up of African Americans.   The United States would not see this kind of integration again for another 200 years.  

These are not all of the Hero's of the American Revolution, there are many more of many different Races and Sexes.   But the Fact that they Fought and many died for all of us.....is what matters.

They Were...........We Are..............Americans All...

 

www.poedpatriot.blogspot.com

 

lach

Little Known Heros of the Revolution

The Boston Massacre

March 5th 1770.  The Boston Massacre....Crispus Attucks was not only the First  American Martyr of the Revolution, he was also the Organizer and leader of the Crowd that confronted the British Soldiers at Boston that day.    He was also the Formost in Resisting the British Soldiers and as a result the First one Killed.   

In 1851 there was a Petition presented to the Massachusetts Legislature for the appropriation of Funds to build a Monument to the First American Martyr of the Revolution, Crispus Attucks.  The Petition was denied.

On the 5th of March, 1776, Washington repaired to the intrenchments. "Remember," said he, "it is the 5th of March, and avenge the death of your brethren!"

The Battle of Bunker Hill

June 17th 1775, The Battle of Bunker Hill.   Patriots after surronding the City of Boston, took up postions on the Charlestown Peninsula on top of Bunker Hill and Breed's Hill North of town across the Bay.   During this battle between 1,500 American Patriots and 2,400 British Soliders took part.  While the British did take both Hills they suffered Heavy losses.  British casualties were about 1,150 killed and wounded, while the Patriots suffered 450 Killed and wounded.  

But out of those who died 2 famous People were Killed in the Fighting.  A Patriot named General Warren and a British Major of Marines Pitcarin.  The Little known Hero is the Man who Killed Major Pitcarin was named Henry Hill.   After the Battle he was was presented to General Washington for his heroic Fighting and the killing of the Major.   In Pictures made of the Battle he was at First a Prominent Figure, but over time he has been forgotten and ingloriously left out.

Henry Hill also fought in the battles of Lexington, Brandywine, Monmouth, Princeton, and Yorktown. He died in Chilicothe, on the 12th of August, 1833, aged eighty years. He was buried with the honors of war and eventually forgotten to History.

Dorchester Heights

On March 4th, 1776 Boston.  Washington received 59 Cannon from the Captured British fort of Ticondaroga.  Overnight the Patriots Constructed Fortifications and installed the Cannon on the Heights overlooking British occupied Boston.   This move eventually led to the British evacutaion of Boston on March 17th, 1776.  March 17 is celebrated as Evacuation Day in some Massachusetts communities.

But one Little known Hero is James Easton.   James Easton, of Bridgewater, was one who participated in the erection of the fortifications on Dorchester Heights, under command of Washington.  His talents were invaluable in the Construciton of the fortifications.

 Mr. Easton was a manufacturing blacksmith, and his forge and nail factory, where were he also made edge tools and anchors, was extensively known, for its superiority of workmanship. Much of the iron work for the Tremont Theatre and Boston Marine Railway was executed under his supervision. Mr. Easton was self-educated. When a young man, stipulating for work, he always provided for chances of evening study. He was welcome to the business circles of Boston as a man of strict integrity, and the many who resorted to him for advice in complicated matters styled him "the Lawyer." His sons, Caleb, Joshua, Sylvanus, and Hosea, inherited his mechanical genius and mental ability.

Crossing of the Delaware

December 25th, 1776 Trenton.  In a daring tactic, General Washington in the Dead of Winter decide to attack the town of Trenton.  In the middle of the night and during a snow storm the Patriots crossed the Delaware River and then attacked the Hessian Mercenaries and British Troops occuping the Town.  It was an absolute and complete Victory.

A Little known Hero was Oliver Cromwell.   He enlisted in company commanded by Capt. Lowery, attached to the Second New Jersey Regiment, under the command of Col. Israel Shreve. He was at the battles of Trenton, Princeton, Brandywine, Monmouth, and Yorktown.   Cromwell was brought up a farmer, having served his time with Thomas Hutchins, Esq., his maternal uncle. He was, for six years and nine months, under the immediate command of Washington, whom he loved affectionately. "His discharge "at the close of the war, was in Washington's own hand-writing, of which he was very proud, often speaking of it. He received, annually, ninety-six dollars pension. He lived a long and honorable life.  He lost three sons and three daughters; had fourteen children who reached the age of maturity--seven sons and seven daughters. He saw his grand-children to the third generation. He was a man of strong natural powers--never chewed tobacco nor drank a glass of ardent spirit. He died, in the town of his birth, January 24th, 1853.

There is another little known Hero at the Crossing.  Prince Whipple was a Body Guard to General Whipple of New Hampshire, who was an Aid to General Washington.  In the Engraving done of the Night of December 25th 1776, Prince Whipple can be seen Proudly riding Horseback, next to General Washington and General Whipple.   More Modern Artist's failed to add him to other renditions of that Glorious Night. 

Prince was beloved by all who knew him. He was the "Caleb Quotem" of Portsmouth, where, he died at the age of thirty-two, leaving a widow and children.

The Spy of Lafayette

One Little known hero is James Armistead Lafayette.   James was a man who Volunteered his service to General Lafayette of the Continential Army.  So impressed with this Man General Lafayette asked  him to be a Spy.   Upon agreeing to this task, he was able to get himself employed by the British General Cornwallis.    Cornwallis was also so impressed  by him that he in turn, asked him to spy for the British Army.  So James Armistead started Feeding the British false information till the Surrender of General Cornwallis.  So perfect was the Acting of James that not until Cornwallis met James in the Headquarters tent of General Lafayette, did his true identity and mission become known to him.   James was so fond of General Lafayette that he took his last name as a sign of his loyalty and appreciation.   The Service provided by James and the success of his mission was immeasurable to the success over Cornwallis.

 

Americans All..

What some of you may have already figured out is that not only are these American Heros.   But they are American Heros that happen to be African American.   The reason for not including this earlier, is because it matters little what the Color of their skin was.  All that matters is that they are Heros, American Heros that fought for not only Our Liberty and Freedom, but their Liberty and the Freedom of Future Generations.

The Continential Army was so integrated by the end of the Revolutionary War, 1/4th of it was made up of African Americans.   The United States would not see this kind of integration again for another 200 years.  

These are not all of the Hero's of the American Revolution, there are many more of many different Races and Sexes.   But the Fact that they Fought and many died for all of us.....is what matters.

They Were...........We Are..............Americans All...

 

www.poedpatriot.blogspot.com

 

was

Little Known Heros of the Revolution

The Boston Massacre

March 5th 1770.  The Boston Massacre....Crispus Attucks was not only the First  American Martyr of the Revolution, he was also the Organizer and leader of the Crowd that confronted the British Soldiers at Boston that day.    He was also the Formost in Resisting the British Soldiers and as a result the First one Killed.   

In 1851 there was a Petition presented to the Massachusetts Legislature for the appropriation of Funds to build a Monument to the First American Martyr of the Revolution, Crispus Attucks.  The Petition was denied.

On the 5th of March, 1776, Washington repaired to the intrenchments. "Remember," said he, "it is the 5th of March, and avenge the death of your brethren!"

The Battle of Bunker Hill

June 17th 1775, The Battle of Bunker Hill.   Patriots after surronding the City of Boston, took up postions on the Charlestown Peninsula on top of Bunker Hill and Breed's Hill North of town across the Bay.   During this battle between 1,500 American Patriots and 2,400 British Soliders took part.  While the British did take both Hills they suffered Heavy losses.  British casualties were about 1,150 killed and wounded, while the Patriots suffered 450 Killed and wounded.  

But out of those who died 2 famous People were Killed in the Fighting.  A Patriot named General Warren and a British Major of Marines Pitcarin.  The Little known Hero is the Man who Killed Major Pitcarin was named Henry Hill.   After the Battle he was was presented to General Washington for his heroic Fighting and the killing of the Major.   In Pictures made of the Battle he was at First a Prominent Figure, but over time he has been forgotten and ingloriously left out.

Henry Hill also fought in the battles of Lexington, Brandywine, Monmouth, Princeton, and Yorktown. He died in Chilicothe, on the 12th of August, 1833, aged eighty years. He was buried with the honors of war and eventually forgotten to History.

Dorchester Heights

On March 4th, 1776 Boston.  Washington received 59 Cannon from the Captured British fort of Ticondaroga.  Overnight the Patriots Constructed Fortifications and installed the Cannon on the Heights overlooking British occupied Boston.   This move eventually led to the British evacutaion of Boston on March 17th, 1776.  March 17 is celebrated as Evacuation Day in some Massachusetts communities.

But one Little known Hero is James Easton.   James Easton, of Bridgewater, was one who participated in the erection of the fortifications on Dorchester Heights, under command of Washington.  His talents were invaluable in the Construciton of the fortifications.

 Mr. Easton was a manufacturing blacksmith, and his forge and nail factory, where were he also made edge tools and anchors, was extensively known, for its superiority of workmanship. Much of the iron work for the Tremont Theatre and Boston Marine Railway was executed under his supervision. Mr. Easton was self-educated. When a young man, stipulating for work, he always provided for chances of evening study. He was welcome to the business circles of Boston as a man of strict integrity, and the many who resorted to him for advice in complicated matters styled him "the Lawyer." His sons, Caleb, Joshua, Sylvanus, and Hosea, inherited his mechanical genius and mental ability.

Crossing of the Delaware

December 25th, 1776 Trenton.  In a daring tactic, General Washington in the Dead of Winter decide to attack the town of Trenton.  In the middle of the night and during a snow storm the Patriots crossed the Delaware River and then attacked the Hessian Mercenaries and British Troops occuping the Town.  It was an absolute and complete Victory.

A Little known Hero was Oliver Cromwell.   He enlisted in company commanded by Capt. Lowery, attached to the Second New Jersey Regiment, under the command of Col. Israel Shreve. He was at the battles of Trenton, Princeton, Brandywine, Monmouth, and Yorktown.   Cromwell was brought up a farmer, having served his time with Thomas Hutchins, Esq., his maternal uncle. He was, for six years and nine months, under the immediate command of Washington, whom he loved affectionately. "His discharge "at the close of the war, was in Washington's own hand-writing, of which he was very proud, often speaking of it. He received, annually, ninety-six dollars pension. He lived a long and honorable life.  He lost three sons and three daughters; had fourteen children who reached the age of maturity--seven sons and seven daughters. He saw his grand-children to the third generation. He was a man of strong natural powers--never chewed tobacco nor drank a glass of ardent spirit. He died, in the town of his birth, January 24th, 1853.

There is another little known Hero at the Crossing.  Prince Whipple was a Body Guard to General Whipple of New Hampshire, who was an Aid to General Washington.  In the Engraving done of the Night of December 25th 1776, Prince Whipple can be seen Proudly riding Horseback, next to General Washington and General Whipple.   More Modern Artist's failed to add him to other renditions of that Glorious Night. 

Prince was beloved by all who knew him. He was the "Caleb Quotem" of Portsmouth, where, he died at the age of thirty-two, leaving a widow and children.

The Spy of Lafayette

One Little known hero is James Armistead Lafayette.   James was a man who Volunteered his service to General Lafayette of the Continential Army.  So impressed with this Man General Lafayette asked  him to be a Spy.   Upon agreeing to this task, he was able to get himself employed by the British General Cornwallis.    Cornwallis was also so impressed  by him that he in turn, asked him to spy for the British Army.  So James Armistead started Feeding the British false information till the Surrender of General Cornwallis.  So perfect was the Acting of James that not until Cornwallis met James in the Headquarters tent of General Lafayette, did his true identity and mission become known to him.   James was so fond of General Lafayette that he took his last name as a sign of his loyalty and appreciation.   The Service provided by James and the success of his mission was immeasurable to the success over Cornwallis.

 

Americans All..

What some of you may have already figured out is that not only are these American Heros.   But they are American Heros that happen to be African American.   The reason for not including this earlier, is because it matters little what the Color of their skin was.  All that matters is that they are Heros, American Heros that fought for not only Our Liberty and Freedom, but their Liberty and the Freedom of Future Generations.

The Continential Army was so integrated by the end of the Revolutionary War, 1/4th of it was made up of African Americans.   The United States would not see this kind of integration again for another 200 years.  

These are not all of the Hero's of the American Revolution, there are many more of many different Races and Sexes.   But the Fact that they Fought and many died for all of us.....is what matters.

They Were...........We Are..............Americans All...

 

www.poedpatriot.blogspot.com

 

nm

Little Known Heros of the Revolution

The Boston Massacre

March 5th 1770.  The Boston Massacre....Crispus Attucks was not only the First  American Martyr of the Revolution, he was also the Organizer and leader of the Crowd that confronted the British Soldiers at Boston that day.    He was also the Formost in Resisting the British Soldiers and as a result the First one Killed.   

In 1851 there was a Petition presented to the Massachusetts Legislature for the appropriation of Funds to build a Monument to the First American Martyr of the Revolution, Crispus Attucks.  The Petition was denied.

On the 5th of March, 1776, Washington repaired to the intrenchments. "Remember," said he, "it is the 5th of March, and avenge the death of your brethren!"

The Battle of Bunker Hill

June 17th 1775, The Battle of Bunker Hill.   Patriots after surronding the City of Boston, took up postions on the Charlestown Peninsula on top of Bunker Hill and Breed's Hill North of town across the Bay.   During this battle between 1,500 American Patriots and 2,400 British Soliders took part.  While the British did take both Hills they suffered Heavy losses.  British casualties were about 1,150 killed and wounded, while the Patriots suffered 450 Killed and wounded.  

But out of those who died 2 famous People were Killed in the Fighting.  A Patriot named General Warren and a British Major of Marines Pitcarin.  The Little known Hero is the Man who Killed Major Pitcarin was named Henry Hill.   After the Battle he was was presented to General Washington for his heroic Fighting and the killing of the Major.   In Pictures made of the Battle he was at First a Prominent Figure, but over time he has been forgotten and ingloriously left out.

Henry Hill also fought in the battles of Lexington, Brandywine, Monmouth, Princeton, and Yorktown. He died in Chilicothe, on the 12th of August, 1833, aged eighty years. He was buried with the honors of war and eventually forgotten to History.

Dorchester Heights

On March 4th, 1776 Boston.  Washington received 59 Cannon from the Captured British fort of Ticondaroga.  Overnight the Patriots Constructed Fortifications and installed the Cannon on the Heights overlooking British occupied Boston.   This move eventually led to the British evacutaion of Boston on March 17th, 1776.  March 17 is celebrated as Evacuation Day in some Massachusetts communities.

But one Little known Hero is James Easton.   James Easton, of Bridgewater, was one who participated in the erection of the fortifications on Dorchester Heights, under command of Washington.  His talents were invaluable in the Construciton of the fortifications.

 Mr. Easton was a manufacturing blacksmith, and his forge and nail factory, where were he also made edge tools and anchors, was extensively known, for its superiority of workmanship. Much of the iron work for the Tremont Theatre and Boston Marine Railway was executed under his supervision. Mr. Easton was self-educated. When a young man, stipulating for work, he always provided for chances of evening study. He was welcome to the business circles of Boston as a man of strict integrity, and the many who resorted to him for advice in complicated matters styled him "the Lawyer." His sons, Caleb, Joshua, Sylvanus, and Hosea, inherited his mechanical genius and mental ability.

Crossing of the Delaware

December 25th, 1776 Trenton.  In a daring tactic, General Washington in the Dead of Winter decide to attack the town of Trenton.  In the middle of the night and during a snow storm the Patriots crossed the Delaware River and then attacked the Hessian Mercenaries and British Troops occuping the Town.  It was an absolute and complete Victory.

A Little known Hero was Oliver Cromwell.   He enlisted in company commanded by Capt. Lowery, attached to the Second New Jersey Regiment, under the command of Col. Israel Shreve. He was at the battles of Trenton, Princeton, Brandywine, Monmouth, and Yorktown.   Cromwell was brought up a farmer, having served his time with Thomas Hutchins, Esq., his maternal uncle. He was, for six years and nine months, under the immediate command of Washington, whom he loved affectionately. "His discharge "at the close of the war, was in Washington's own hand-writing, of which he was very proud, often speaking of it. He received, annually, ninety-six dollars pension. He lived a long and honorable life.  He lost three sons and three daughters; had fourteen children who reached the age of maturity--seven sons and seven daughters. He saw his grand-children to the third generation. He was a man of strong natural powers--never chewed tobacco nor drank a glass of ardent spirit. He died, in the town of his birth, January 24th, 1853.

There is another little known Hero at the Crossing.  Prince Whipple was a Body Guard to General Whipple of New Hampshire, who was an Aid to General Washington.  In the Engraving done of the Night of December 25th 1776, Prince Whipple can be seen Proudly riding Horseback, next to General Washington and General Whipple.   More Modern Artist's failed to add him to other renditions of that Glorious Night. 

Prince was beloved by all who knew him. He was the "Caleb Quotem" of Portsmouth, where, he died at the age of thirty-two, leaving a widow and children.

The Spy of Lafayette

One Little known hero is James Armistead Lafayette.   James was a man who Volunteered his service to General Lafayette of the Continential Army.  So impressed with this Man General Lafayette asked  him to be a Spy.   Upon agreeing to this task, he was able to get himself employed by the British General Cornwallis.    Cornwallis was also so impressed  by him that he in turn, asked him to spy for the British Army.  So James Armistead started Feeding the British false information till the Surrender of General Cornwallis.  So perfect was the Acting of James that not until Cornwallis met James in the Headquarters tent of General Lafayette, did his true identity and mission become known to him.   James was so fond of General Lafayette that he took his last name as a sign of his loyalty and appreciation.   The Service provided by James and the success of his mission was immeasurable to the success over Cornwallis.

 

Americans All..

What some of you may have already figured out is that not only are these American Heros.   But they are American Heros that happen to be African American.   The reason for not including this earlier, is because it matters little what the Color of their skin was.  All that matters is that they are Heros, American Heros that fought for not only Our Liberty and Freedom, but their Liberty and the Freedom of Future Generations.

The Continential Army was so integrated by the end of the Revolutionary War, 1/4th of it was made up of African Americans.   The United States would not see this kind of integration again for another 200 years.  

These are not all of the Hero's of the American Revolution, there are many more of many different Races and Sexes.   But the Fact that they Fought and many died for all of us.....is what matters.

They Were...........We Are..............Americans All...

 

www.poedpatriot.blogspot.com

 

tal

Little Known Heros of the Revolution

The Boston Massacre

March 5th 1770.  The Boston Massacre....Crispus Attucks was not only the First  American Martyr of the Revolution, he was also the Organizer and leader of the Crowd that confronted the British Soldiers at Boston that day.    He was also the Formost in Resisting the British Soldiers and as a result the First one Killed.   

In 1851 there was a Petition presented to the Massachusetts Legislature for the appropriation of Funds to build a Monument to the First American Martyr of the Revolution, Crispus Attucks.  The Petition was denied.

On the 5th of March, 1776, Washington repaired to the intrenchments. "Remember," said he, "it is the 5th of March, and avenge the death of your brethren!"

The Battle of Bunker Hill

June 17th 1775, The Battle of Bunker Hill.   Patriots after surronding the City of Boston, took up postions on the Charlestown Peninsula on top of Bunker Hill and Breed's Hill North of town across the Bay.   During this battle between 1,500 American Patriots and 2,400 British Soliders took part.  While the British did take both Hills they suffered Heavy losses.  British casualties were about 1,150 killed and wounded, while the Patriots suffered 450 Killed and wounded.  

But out of those who died 2 famous People were Killed in the Fighting.  A Patriot named General Warren and a British Major of Marines Pitcarin.  The Little known Hero is the Man who Killed Major Pitcarin was named Henry Hill.   After the Battle he was was presented to General Washington for his heroic Fighting and the killing of the Major.   In Pictures made of the Battle he was at First a Prominent Figure, but over time he has been forgotten and ingloriously left out.

Henry Hill also fought in the battles of Lexington, Brandywine, Monmouth, Princeton, and Yorktown. He died in Chilicothe, on the 12th of August, 1833, aged eighty years. He was buried with the honors of war and eventually forgotten to History.

Dorchester Heights

On March 4th, 1776 Boston.  Washington received 59 Cannon from the Captured British fort of Ticondaroga.  Overnight the Patriots Constructed Fortifications and installed the Cannon on the Heights overlooking British occupied Boston.   This move eventually led to the British evacutaion of Boston on March 17th, 1776.  March 17 is celebrated as Evacuation Day in some Massachusetts communities.

But one Little known Hero is James Easton.   James Easton, of Bridgewater, was one who participated in the erection of the fortifications on Dorchester Heights, under command of Washington.  His talents were invaluable in the Construciton of the fortifications.

 Mr. Easton was a manufacturing blacksmith, and his forge and nail factory, where were he also made edge tools and anchors, was extensively known, for its superiority of workmanship. Much of the iron work for the Tremont Theatre and Boston Marine Railway was executed under his supervision. Mr. Easton was self-educated. When a young man, stipulating for work, he always provided for chances of evening study. He was welcome to the business circles of Boston as a man of strict integrity, and the many who resorted to him for advice in complicated matters styled him "the Lawyer." His sons, Caleb, Joshua, Sylvanus, and Hosea, inherited his mechanical genius and mental ability.

Crossing of the Delaware

December 25th, 1776 Trenton.  In a daring tactic, General Washington in the Dead of Winter decide to attack the town of Trenton.  In the middle of the night and during a snow storm the Patriots crossed the Delaware River and then attacked the Hessian Mercenaries and British Troops occuping the Town.  It was an absolute and complete Victory.

A Little known Hero was Oliver Cromwell.   He enlisted in company commanded by Capt. Lowery, attached to the Second New Jersey Regiment, under the command of Col. Israel Shreve. He was at the battles of Trenton, Princeton, Brandywine, Monmouth, and Yorktown.   Cromwell was brought up a farmer, having served his time with Thomas Hutchins, Esq., his maternal uncle. He was, for six years and nine months, under the immediate command of Washington, whom he loved affectionately. "His discharge "at the close of the war, was in Washington's own hand-writing, of which he was very proud, often speaking of it. He received, annually, ninety-six dollars pension. He lived a long and honorable life.  He lost three sons and three daughters; had fourteen children who reached the age of maturity--seven sons and seven daughters. He saw his grand-children to the third generation. He was a man of strong natural powers--never chewed tobacco nor drank a glass of ardent spirit. He died, in the town of his birth, January 24th, 1853.

There is another little known Hero at the Crossing.  Prince Whipple was a Body Guard to General Whipple of New Hampshire, who was an Aid to General Washington.  In the Engraving done of the Night of December 25th 1776, Prince Whipple can be seen Proudly riding Horseback, next to General Washington and General Whipple.   More Modern Artist's failed to add him to other renditions of that Glorious Night. 

Prince was beloved by all who knew him. He was the "Caleb Quotem" of Portsmouth, where, he died at the age of thirty-two, leaving a widow and children.

The Spy of Lafayette

One Little known hero is James Armistead Lafayette.   James was a man who Volunteered his service to General Lafayette of the Continential Army.  So impressed with this Man General Lafayette asked  him to be a Spy.   Upon agreeing to this task, he was able to get himself employed by the British General Cornwallis.    Cornwallis was also so impressed  by him that he in turn, asked him to spy for the British Army.  So James Armistead started Feeding the British false information till the Surrender of General Cornwallis.  So perfect was the Acting of James that not until Cornwallis met James in the Headquarters tent of General Lafayette, did his true identity and mission become known to him.   James was so fond of General Lafayette that he took his last name as a sign of his loyalty and appreciation.   The Service provided by James and the success of his mission was immeasurable to the success over Cornwallis.

 

Americans All..

What some of you may have already figured out is that not only are these American Heros.   But they are American Heros that happen to be African American.   The reason for not including this earlier, is because it matters little what the Color of their skin was.  All that matters is that they are Heros, American Heros that fought for not only Our Liberty and Freedom, but their Liberty and the Freedom of Future Generations.

The Continential Army was so integrated by the end of the Revolutionary War, 1/4th of it was made up of African Americans.   The United States would not see this kind of integration again for another 200 years.  

These are not all of the Hero's of the American Revolution, there are many more of many different Races and Sexes.   But the Fact that they Fought and many died for all of us.....is what matters.

They Were...........We Are..............Americans All...

 

www.poedpatriot.blogspot.com

 

pro

Little Known Heros of the Revolution

The Boston Massacre

March 5th 1770.  The Boston Massacre....Crispus Attucks was not only the First  American Martyr of the Revolution, he was also the Organizer and leader of the Crowd that confronted the British Soldiers at Boston that day.    He was also the Formost in Resisting the British Soldiers and as a result the First one Killed.   

In 1851 there was a Petition presented to the Massachusetts Legislature for the appropriation of Funds to build a Monument to the First American Martyr of the Revolution, Crispus Attucks.  The Petition was denied.

On the 5th of March, 1776, Washington repaired to the intrenchments. "Remember," said he, "it is the 5th of March, and avenge the death of your brethren!"

The Battle of Bunker Hill

June 17th 1775, The Battle of Bunker Hill.   Patriots after surronding the City of Boston, took up postions on the Charlestown Peninsula on top of Bunker Hill and Breed's Hill North of town across the Bay.   During this battle between 1,500 American Patriots and 2,400 British Soliders took part.  While the British did take both Hills they suffered Heavy losses.  British casualties were about 1,150 killed and wounded, while the Patriots suffered 450 Killed and wounded.  

But out of those who died 2 famous People were Killed in the Fighting.  A Patriot named General Warren and a British Major of Marines Pitcarin.  The Little known Hero is the Man who Killed Major Pitcarin was named Henry Hill.   After the Battle he was was presented to General Washington for his heroic Fighting and the killing of the Major.   In Pictures made of the Battle he was at First a Prominent Figure, but over time he has been forgotten and ingloriously left out.

Henry Hill also fought in the battles of Lexington, Brandywine, Monmouth, Princeton, and Yorktown. He died in Chilicothe, on the 12th of August, 1833, aged eighty years. He was buried with the honors of war and eventually forgotten to History.

Dorchester Heights

On March 4th, 1776 Boston.  Washington received 59 Cannon from the Captured British fort of Ticondaroga.  Overnight the Patriots Constructed Fortifications and installed the Cannon on the Heights overlooking British occupied Boston.   This move eventually led to the British evacutaion of Boston on March 17th, 1776.  March 17 is celebrated as Evacuation Day in some Massachusetts communities.

But one Little known Hero is James Easton.   James Easton, of Bridgewater, was one who participated in the erection of the fortifications on Dorchester Heights, under command of Washington.  His talents were invaluable in the Construciton of the fortifications.

 Mr. Easton was a manufacturing blacksmith, and his forge and nail factory, where were he also made edge tools and anchors, was extensively known, for its superiority of workmanship. Much of the iron work for the Tremont Theatre and Boston Marine Railway was executed under his supervision. Mr. Easton was self-educated. When a young man, stipulating for work, he always provided for chances of evening study. He was welcome to the business circles of Boston as a man of strict integrity, and the many who resorted to him for advice in complicated matters styled him "the Lawyer." His sons, Caleb, Joshua, Sylvanus, and Hosea, inherited his mechanical genius and mental ability.

Crossing of the Delaware

December 25th, 1776 Trenton.  In a daring tactic, General Washington in the Dead of Winter decide to attack the town of Trenton.  In the middle of the night and during a snow storm the Patriots crossed the Delaware River and then attacked the Hessian Mercenaries and British Troops occuping the Town.  It was an absolute and complete Victory.

A Little known Hero was Oliver Cromwell.   He enlisted in company commanded by Capt. Lowery, attached to the Second New Jersey Regiment, under the command of Col. Israel Shreve. He was at the battles of Trenton, Princeton, Brandywine, Monmouth, and Yorktown.   Cromwell was brought up a farmer, having served his time with Thomas Hutchins, Esq., his maternal uncle. He was, for six years and nine months, under the immediate command of Washington, whom he loved affectionately. "His discharge "at the close of the war, was in Washington's own hand-writing, of which he was very proud, often speaking of it. He received, annually, ninety-six dollars pension. He lived a long and honorable life.  He lost three sons and three daughters; had fourteen children who reached the age of maturity--seven sons and seven daughters. He saw his grand-children to the third generation. He was a man of strong natural powers--never chewed tobacco nor drank a glass of ardent spirit. He died, in the town of his birth, January 24th, 1853.

There is another little known Hero at the Crossing.  Prince Whipple was a Body Guard to General Whipple of New Hampshire, who was an Aid to General Washington.  In the Engraving done of the Night of December 25th 1776, Prince Whipple can be seen Proudly riding Horseback, next to General Washington and General Whipple.   More Modern Artist's failed to add him to other renditions of that Glorious Night. 

Prince was beloved by all who knew him. He was the "Caleb Quotem" of Portsmouth, where, he died at the age of thirty-two, leaving a widow and children.

The Spy of Lafayette

One Little known hero is James Armistead Lafayette.   James was a man who Volunteered his service to General Lafayette of the Continential Army.  So impressed with this Man General Lafayette asked  him to be a Spy.   Upon agreeing to this task, he was able to get himself employed by the British General Cornwallis.    Cornwallis was also so impressed  by him that he in turn, asked him to spy for the British Army.  So James Armistead started Feeding the British false information till the Surrender of General Cornwallis.  So perfect was the Acting of James that not until Cornwallis met James in the Headquarters tent of General Lafayette, did his true identity and mission become known to him.   James was so fond of General Lafayette that he took his last name as a sign of his loyalty and appreciation.   The Service provided by James and the success of his mission was immeasurable to the success over Cornwallis.

 

Americans All..

What some of you may have already figured out is that not only are these American Heros.   But they are American Heros that happen to be African American.   The reason for not including this earlier, is because it matters little what the Color of their skin was.  All that matters is that they are Heros, American Heros that fought for not only Our Liberty and Freedom, but their Liberty and the Freedom of Future Generations.

The Continential Army was so integrated by the end of the Revolutionary War, 1/4th of it was made up of African Americans.   The United States would not see this kind of integration again for another 200 years.  

These are not all of the Hero's of the American Revolution, there are many more of many different Races and Sexes.   But the Fact that they Fought and many died for all of us.....is what matters.

They Were...........We Are..............Americans All...

 

www.poedpatriot.blogspot.com

 

tol

EPA on HOW TO CLEAN UP A NEW LIGHTBULB.

Humans use mercury in a variety of manufacturing processes and products such as thermometers and fluorescent bulbs. If you improperly dispose of products with mercury in them, they may break and release mercury vapors which are harmful to human and ecological health.

• Dispose of used mercury-containing items properly.
• Clean up mercury spills properly and report them to the proper authorities when necessary.

---

Spills What Never to Do with a Mercury Spill

• Never use a vacuum cleaner to clean up mercury (but see the "What to Do if a Fluorescent Light Bulb Breaks" section below for more specific instructions about vacuuming broken fluorescent light bulbs). The vacuum will put mercury into the air and increase exposure.

• Never use a broom to clean up mercury. It will break the mercury into smaller droplets and spread them.

• Never pour mercury down a drain. It may lodge in the plumbing and cause future problems during plumbing repairs. If discharged, it can cause pollution of the septic tank or sewage treatment plant.

• Never wash clothing or other items that have come in direct contact with mercury in a washing machine, because mercury may contaminate the machine and/or pollute sewage. Clothing that has come into direct contact with mercury should be discarded. By "direct contact," we mean that mercury was (or has been) spilled directly on the clothing. For example:
  • if you broke a mercury thermometer and some of elemental mercury beads came in contact with your clothing, or
  • if you broke a compact fluorescent bulb (CFL) so that broken glass and other material from the bulb, including mercury-containing powder, came into contact with your clothing.

  You can, however, wash clothing or other materials that have been exposed to the mercury vapor from a broken CFL, like the clothing you happened to be wearing when you cleaned up the broken CFL, as long as that clothing has not come into direct contact with the materials from the broken bulb.

• Never walk around if your shoes might be contaminated with mercury. Contaminated clothing can also spread mercury around.

Top of page

What to Do if a Fluorescent Light Bulb Breaks

Compact fluorescent lights (CFLs) are lighting more homes than ever before, and EPA is encouraging Americans to use and recycle them safely. Carefully recycling CFLs prevents the release of mercury into the environment and allows for the reuse of glass, metals and other materials that make up fluorescent lights.

EPA is continually reviewing its clean-up and disposal recommendations for CFLs to ensure that the Agency presents the most up-to-date information for consumers and businesses. Maine's Department of Environmental Protection released a CFL breakage study report on February 25, 2008. EPA has conducted an initial review of this study and, as a result of this review, we have updated the CFL cleanup instructions below.

Pending the completion of a full review of the Maine study, EPA will determine whether additional changes to the cleanup recommendations are warranted. The agency plans to conduct its own study on CFLs after thorough review of the Maine study.

Fluorescent light bulbs contain a very small amount of mercury sealed within the glass tubing. EPA recommends the following clean-up and disposal below. Please also read the information on this page about what never to do with a mercury spill. Before Clean-up: Air Out the Room

• Have people and pets leave the room, and don't let anyone walk through the breakage area on their way out.
• Open a window and leave the room for 15 minutes or more.
• Shut off the central forced-air heating/air conditioning system, if you have one.

Clean-Up Steps for Hard Surfaces

• Carefully scoop up glass pieces and powder using stiff paper or cardboard and place them in a glass jar with metal lid (such as a canning jar) or in a sealed plastic bag.
• Use sticky tape, such as duct tape, to pick up any remaining small glass fragments and powder.
• Wipe the area clean with damp paper towels or disposable wet wipes. Place towels in the glass jar or plastic bag.
• Do not use a vacuum or broom to clean up the broken bulb on hard surfaces.

Clean-up Steps for Carpeting or Rug

• Carefully pick up glass fragments and place them in a glass jar with metal lid (such as a canning jar) or in a sealed plastic bag.
• Use sticky tape, such as duct tape, to pick up any remaining small glass fragments and powder.
• If vacuuming is needed after all visible materials are removed, vacuum the area where the bulb was broken.
• Remove the vacuum bag (or empty and wipe the canister), and put the bag or vacuum debris in a sealed plastic bag.

Clean-up Steps for Clothing, Bedding and Other Soft Materials

• If clothing or bedding materials come in direct contact with broken glass or mercury-containing powder from inside the bulb that may stick to the fabric, the clothing or bedding should be thrown away. Do not wash such clothing or bedding because mercury fragments in the clothing may contaminate the machine and/or pollute sewage.
• You can, however, wash clothing or other materials that have been exposed to the mercury vapor from a broken CFL, such as the clothing you are wearing when you cleaned up the broken CFL, as long as that clothing has not come into direct contact with the materials from the broken bulb.
• If shoes come into direct contact with broken glass or mercury-containing powder from the bulb, wipe them off with damp paper towels or disposable wet wipes. Place the towels or wipes in a glass jar or plastic bag for disposal.

Disposal of Clean-up Materials

• Immediately place all clean-up materials outdoors in a trash container or protected area for the next normal trash pickup.
• Wash your hands after disposing of the jars or plastic bags containing clean-up materials.
• Check with your local or state government about disposal requirements in your specific area. Some states do not allow such trash disposal. Instead, they require that broken and unbroken mercury-containing bulbs be taken to a local recycling center.

Future Cleaning of Carpeting or Rug: Air Out the Room During and After Vacuuming

• The next several times you vacuum, shut off the central forced-air heating/air conditioning system and open a window before vacuuming.
• Keep the central heating/air conditioning system shut off and the window open for at least 15 minutes after vacuuming is completed.

• Have everyone else leave the area; don't let anyone walk through the mercury on their way out. Make sure all pets are removed from the area. Open all windows and doors to the outside; shut all doors to other parts of the house.

• DO NOT allow children to help you clean up the spill.

• Mercury can be cleaned up easily from the following surfaces: wood, linoleum, tile and any similarly smooth surfaces.

• If a spill occurs on carpet, curtains, upholstery or other absorbent surfaces, these contaminated items should be thrown away in accordance with the disposal means outlined below. Only cut and remove the affected portion of the contaminated carpet for disposal.

• Cleanup Instructions

  1. Put on rubber, nitrile or latex gloves.

  2. If there are any broken pieces of glass or sharp objects, pick them up with care. Place all broken objects on a paper towel. Fold the paper towel and place in a zip lock bag. Secure the bag and label it as directed by your local health or fire department.

  3. Locate visible mercury beads. Use a squeegee or cardboard to gather mercury beads. Use slow sweeping motions to keep mercury from becoming uncontrollable. Take a flashlight, hold it at a low angle close to the floor in a darkened room and look for additional glistening beads of mercury that may be sticking to the surface or in small cracked areas of the surface. Note: Mercury can move surprising distances on hard-flat surfaces, so be sure to inspect the entire room when "searching."

  4. Use the eyedropper to collect or draw up the mercury beads. Slowly and carefully squeeze mercury onto a damp paper towel. Place the paper towel in a zip lock bag and secure. Make sure to label the bag as directed by your local health or fire department.

  5. After you remove larger beads, put shaving cream on top of small paint brush and gently "dot" the affected area to pick up smaller hard-to-see beads. Alternatively, use duct tape to collect smaller hard-to-see beads. Place the paint brush or duct tape in a zip lock bag and secure. Make sure to label the bag as directed by your local health or fire department.

  6. OPTIONAL STEP: It is OPTIONAL to use commercially available powdered sulfur to absorb the beads that are too small to see. The sulfur does two things: (1) it makes the mercury easier to see since there may be a color change from yellow to brown and (2) it binds the mercury so that it can be easily removed and suppresses the vapor of any missing mercury. Where to get commercialized sulfur? It may be supplied as mercury vapor absorbent in mercury spill kits, which can be purchased from laboratory, chemical supply and hazardous materials response supply manufacturers. Note: Powdered sulfur may stain fabrics a dark color. When using powdered sulfur, do not breathe in the powder as it can be moderately toxic. Additionally, users should read and understand product information before use.

  7. If you choose not to use this option, you may want to request the services of a contractor who has monitoring equipment to screen for mercury vapors. Consult your local environmental or health agency to inquire about contractors in your area. Place all materials used with the cleanup, including gloves, in a trash bag. Place all mercury beads and objects into the trash bag. Secure trash bag and label it as directed by your local health or fire department.

  8. Contact your local health department, municipal waste authority or your local fire department for proper disposal in accordance with local, state and federal laws.

  9. Remember to keep the area well ventilated to the outside (i.e., windows open and fans in exterior windows running) for at least 24 hours after your successful cleanup. Continue to keep pets and children out of cleanup area. If sickness occurs, seek medical attention immediately. View information on health effects related to exposures to vapors from metallic mercury. For additional information on health effects, the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) provides a Mercury Fact Sheet that also presents information on health effects related to exposures to vapors from metallic mercury.

  Recommendation: If there are young children or pregnant women in the house, seek additional advice from your local or state health or state environmental agency.

  Top of page

  Spills of More than the Amount in a Thermometer, but Less Than or Similar to Two Tablespoons (One Pound) Cleanup Instructions

  1. Have everyone else leave the area; don't let anyone walk through the mercury on their way out.
  2. Open all windows and doors to the outside.
  3. Turn down the temperature.
  4. Shut all doors to other parts of the house, and leave the area.
  Don't vacuum.
  5. Call your local or state health or environmental agency.

  Top of page

  Spills of More than Two Tablespoons (One Pound)

  Any time one pound or more of mercury is released to the environment, it is mandatory to call the National Response Center (NRC). The NRC hotline operates 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Call (800) 424-8802. Note that because mercury is heavy, only two tablespoons of mercury weigh about one pound.

• HOW IS THIS BETTER????   ANYONE?

• www.poedpatriot.blogspot.com

• pho

EPA on HOW TO CLEAN UP A NEW LIGHTBULB.

Humans use mercury in a variety of manufacturing processes and products such as thermometers and fluorescent bulbs. If you improperly dispose of products with mercury in them, they may break and release mercury vapors which are harmful to human and ecological health.

• Dispose of used mercury-containing items properly.
• Clean up mercury spills properly and report them to the proper authorities when necessary.

---

Spills What Never to Do with a Mercury Spill

• Never use a vacuum cleaner to clean up mercury (but see the "What to Do if a Fluorescent Light Bulb Breaks" section below for more specific instructions about vacuuming broken fluorescent light bulbs). The vacuum will put mercury into the air and increase exposure.

• Never use a broom to clean up mercury. It will break the mercury into smaller droplets and spread them.

• Never pour mercury down a drain. It may lodge in the plumbing and cause future problems during plumbing repairs. If discharged, it can cause pollution of the septic tank or sewage treatment plant.

• Never wash clothing or other items that have come in direct contact with mercury in a washing machine, because mercury may contaminate the machine and/or pollute sewage. Clothing that has come into direct contact with mercury should be discarded. By "direct contact," we mean that mercury was (or has been) spilled directly on the clothing. For example:
  • if you broke a mercury thermometer and some of elemental mercury beads came in contact with your clothing, or
  • if you broke a compact fluorescent bulb (CFL) so that broken glass and other material from the bulb, including mercury-containing powder, came into contact with your clothing.

  You can, however, wash clothing or other materials that have been exposed to the mercury vapor from a broken CFL, like the clothing you happened to be wearing when you cleaned up the broken CFL, as long as that clothing has not come into direct contact with the materials from the broken bulb.

• Never walk around if your shoes might be contaminated with mercury. Contaminated clothing can also spread mercury around.

Top of page

What to Do if a Fluorescent Light Bulb Breaks

Compact fluorescent lights (CFLs) are lighting more homes than ever before, and EPA is encouraging Americans to use and recycle them safely. Carefully recycling CFLs prevents the release of mercury into the environment and allows for the reuse of glass, metals and other materials that make up fluorescent lights.

EPA is continually reviewing its clean-up and disposal recommendations for CFLs to ensure that the Agency presents the most up-to-date information for consumers and businesses. Maine's Department of Environmental Protection released a CFL breakage study report on February 25, 2008. EPA has conducted an initial review of this study and, as a result of this review, we have updated the CFL cleanup instructions below.

Pending the completion of a full review of the Maine study, EPA will determine whether additional changes to the cleanup recommendations are warranted. The agency plans to conduct its own study on CFLs after thorough review of the Maine study.

Fluorescent light bulbs contain a very small amount of mercury sealed within the glass tubing. EPA recommends the following clean-up and disposal below. Please also read the information on this page about what never to do with a mercury spill. Before Clean-up: Air Out the Room

• Have people and pets leave the room, and don't let anyone walk through the breakage area on their way out.
• Open a window and leave the room for 15 minutes or more.
• Shut off the central forced-air heating/air conditioning system, if you have one.

Clean-Up Steps for Hard Surfaces

• Carefully scoop up glass pieces and powder using stiff paper or cardboard and place them in a glass jar with metal lid (such as a canning jar) or in a sealed plastic bag.
• Use sticky tape, such as duct tape, to pick up any remaining small glass fragments and powder.
• Wipe the area clean with damp paper towels or disposable wet wipes. Place towels in the glass jar or plastic bag.
• Do not use a vacuum or broom to clean up the broken bulb on hard surfaces.

Clean-up Steps for Carpeting or Rug

• Carefully pick up glass fragments and place them in a glass jar with metal lid (such as a canning jar) or in a sealed plastic bag.
• Use sticky tape, such as duct tape, to pick up any remaining small glass fragments and powder.
• If vacuuming is needed after all visible materials are removed, vacuum the area where the bulb was broken.
• Remove the vacuum bag (or empty and wipe the canister), and put the bag or vacuum debris in a sealed plastic bag.

Clean-up Steps for Clothing, Bedding and Other Soft Materials

• If clothing or bedding materials come in direct contact with broken glass or mercury-containing powder from inside the bulb that may stick to the fabric, the clothing or bedding should be thrown away. Do not wash such clothing or bedding because mercury fragments in the clothing may contaminate the machine and/or pollute sewage.
• You can, however, wash clothing or other materials that have been exposed to the mercury vapor from a broken CFL, such as the clothing you are wearing when you cleaned up the broken CFL, as long as that clothing has not come into direct contact with the materials from the broken bulb.
• If shoes come into direct contact with broken glass or mercury-containing powder from the bulb, wipe them off with damp paper towels or disposable wet wipes. Place the towels or wipes in a glass jar or plastic bag for disposal.

Disposal of Clean-up Materials

• Immediately place all clean-up materials outdoors in a trash container or protected area for the next normal trash pickup.
• Wash your hands after disposing of the jars or plastic bags containing clean-up materials.
• Check with your local or state government about disposal requirements in your specific area. Some states do not allow such trash disposal. Instead, they require that broken and unbroken mercury-containing bulbs be taken to a local recycling center.

Future Cleaning of Carpeting or Rug: Air Out the Room During and After Vacuuming

• The next several times you vacuum, shut off the central forced-air heating/air conditioning system and open a window before vacuuming.
• Keep the central heating/air conditioning system shut off and the window open for at least 15 minutes after vacuuming is completed.

• Have everyone else leave the area; don't let anyone walk through the mercury on their way out. Make sure all pets are removed from the area. Open all windows and doors to the outside; shut all doors to other parts of the house.

• DO NOT allow children to help you clean up the spill.

• Mercury can be cleaned up easily from the following surfaces: wood, linoleum, tile and any similarly smooth surfaces.

• If a spill occurs on carpet, curtains, upholstery or other absorbent surfaces, these contaminated items should be thrown away in accordance with the disposal means outlined below. Only cut and remove the affected portion of the contaminated carpet for disposal.

• Cleanup Instructions

  1. Put on rubber, nitrile or latex gloves.

  2. If there are any broken pieces of glass or sharp objects, pick them up with care. Place all broken objects on a paper towel. Fold the paper towel and place in a zip lock bag. Secure the bag and label it as directed by your local health or fire department.

  3. Locate visible mercury beads. Use a squeegee or cardboard to gather mercury beads. Use slow sweeping motions to keep mercury from becoming uncontrollable. Take a flashlight, hold it at a low angle close to the floor in a darkened room and look for additional glistening beads of mercury that may be sticking to the surface or in small cracked areas of the surface. Note: Mercury can move surprising distances on hard-flat surfaces, so be sure to inspect the entire room when "searching."

  4. Use the eyedropper to collect or draw up the mercury beads. Slowly and carefully squeeze mercury onto a damp paper towel. Place the paper towel in a zip lock bag and secure. Make sure to label the bag as directed by your local health or fire department.

  5. After you remove larger beads, put shaving cream on top of small paint brush and gently "dot" the affected area to pick up smaller hard-to-see beads. Alternatively, use duct tape to collect smaller hard-to-see beads. Place the paint brush or duct tape in a zip lock bag and secure. Make sure to label the bag as directed by your local health or fire department.

  6. OPTIONAL STEP: It is OPTIONAL to use commercially available powdered sulfur to absorb the beads that are too small to see. The sulfur does two things: (1) it makes the mercury easier to see since there may be a color change from yellow to brown and (2) it binds the mercury so that it can be easily removed and suppresses the vapor of any missing mercury. Where to get commercialized sulfur? It may be supplied as mercury vapor absorbent in mercury spill kits, which can be purchased from laboratory, chemical supply and hazardous materials response supply manufacturers. Note: Powdered sulfur may stain fabrics a dark color. When using powdered sulfur, do not breathe in the powder as it can be moderately toxic. Additionally, users should read and understand product information before use.

  7. If you choose not to use this option, you may want to request the services of a contractor who has monitoring equipment to screen for mercury vapors. Consult your local environmental or health agency to inquire about contractors in your area. Place all materials used with the cleanup, including gloves, in a trash bag. Place all mercury beads and objects into the trash bag. Secure trash bag and label it as directed by your local health or fire department.

  8. Contact your local health department, municipal waste authority or your local fire department for proper disposal in accordance with local, state and federal laws.

  9. Remember to keep the area well ventilated to the outside (i.e., windows open and fans in exterior windows running) for at least 24 hours after your successful cleanup. Continue to keep pets and children out of cleanup area. If sickness occurs, seek medical attention immediately. View information on health effects related to exposures to vapors from metallic mercury. For additional information on health effects, the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) provides a Mercury Fact Sheet that also presents information on health effects related to exposures to vapors from metallic mercury.

  Recommendation: If there are young children or pregnant women in the house, seek additional advice from your local or state health or state environmental agency.

  Top of page

  Spills of More than the Amount in a Thermometer, but Less Than or Similar to Two Tablespoons (One Pound) Cleanup Instructions

  1. Have everyone else leave the area; don't let anyone walk through the mercury on their way out.
  2. Open all windows and doors to the outside.
  3. Turn down the temperature.
  4. Shut all doors to other parts of the house, and leave the area.
  Don't vacuum.
  5. Call your local or state health or environmental agency.

  Top of page

  Spills of More than Two Tablespoons (One Pound)

  Any time one pound or more of mercury is released to the environment, it is mandatory to call the National Response Center (NRC). The NRC hotline operates 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Call (800) 424-8802. Note that because mercury is heavy, only two tablespoons of mercury weigh about one pound.

• HOW IS THIS BETTER????   ANYONE?

• www.poedpatriot.blogspot.com

• orl

EPA on HOW TO CLEAN UP A NEW LIGHTBULB.

Humans use mercury in a variety of manufacturing processes and products such as thermometers and fluorescent bulbs. If you improperly dispose of products with mercury in them, they may break and release mercury vapors which are harmful to human and ecological health.

• Dispose of used mercury-containing items properly.
• Clean up mercury spills properly and report them to the proper authorities when necessary.

---

Spills What Never to Do with a Mercury Spill

• Never use a vacuum cleaner to clean up mercury (but see the "What to Do if a Fluorescent Light Bulb Breaks" section below for more specific instructions about vacuuming broken fluorescent light bulbs). The vacuum will put mercury into the air and increase exposure.

• Never use a broom to clean up mercury. It will break the mercury into smaller droplets and spread them.

• Never pour mercury down a drain. It may lodge in the plumbing and cause future problems during plumbing repairs. If discharged, it can cause pollution of the septic tank or sewage treatment plant.

• Never wash clothing or other items that have come in direct contact with mercury in a washing machine, because mercury may contaminate the machine and/or pollute sewage. Clothing that has come into direct contact with mercury should be discarded. By "direct contact," we mean that mercury was (or has been) spilled directly on the clothing. For example:
  • if you broke a mercury thermometer and some of elemental mercury beads came in contact with your clothing, or
  • if you broke a compact fluorescent bulb (CFL) so that broken glass and other material from the bulb, including mercury-containing powder, came into contact with your clothing.

  You can, however, wash clothing or other materials that have been exposed to the mercury vapor from a broken CFL, like the clothing you happened to be wearing when you cleaned up the broken CFL, as long as that clothing has not come into direct contact with the materials from the broken bulb.

• Never walk around if your shoes might be contaminated with mercury. Contaminated clothing can also spread mercury around.

Top of page

What to Do if a Fluorescent Light Bulb Breaks

Compact fluorescent lights (CFLs) are lighting more homes than ever before, and EPA is encouraging Americans to use and recycle them safely. Carefully recycling CFLs prevents the release of mercury into the environment and allows for the reuse of glass, metals and other materials that make up fluorescent lights.

EPA is continually reviewing its clean-up and disposal recommendations for CFLs to ensure that the Agency presents the most up-to-date information for consumers and businesses. Maine's Department of Environmental Protection released a CFL breakage study report on February 25, 2008. EPA has conducted an initial review of this study and, as a result of this review, we have updated the CFL cleanup instructions below.

Pending the completion of a full review of the Maine study, EPA will determine whether additional changes to the cleanup recommendations are warranted. The agency plans to conduct its own study on CFLs after thorough review of the Maine study.

Fluorescent light bulbs contain a very small amount of mercury sealed within the glass tubing. EPA recommends the following clean-up and disposal below. Please also read the information on this page about what never to do with a mercury spill. Before Clean-up: Air Out the Room

• Have people and pets leave the room, and don't let anyone walk through the breakage area on their way out.
• Open a window and leave the room for 15 minutes or more.
• Shut off the central forced-air heating/air conditioning system, if you have one.

Clean-Up Steps for Hard Surfaces

• Carefully scoop up glass pieces and powder using stiff paper or cardboard and place them in a glass jar with metal lid (such as a canning jar) or in a sealed plastic bag.
• Use sticky tape, such as duct tape, to pick up any remaining small glass fragments and powder.
• Wipe the area clean with damp paper towels or disposable wet wipes. Place towels in the glass jar or plastic bag.
• Do not use a vacuum or broom to clean up the broken bulb on hard surfaces.

Clean-up Steps for Carpeting or Rug

• Carefully pick up glass fragments and place them in a glass jar with metal lid (such as a canning jar) or in a sealed plastic bag.
• Use sticky tape, such as duct tape, to pick up any remaining small glass fragments and powder.
• If vacuuming is needed after all visible materials are removed, vacuum the area where the bulb was broken.
• Remove the vacuum bag (or empty and wipe the canister), and put the bag or vacuum debris in a sealed plastic bag.

Clean-up Steps for Clothing, Bedding and Other Soft Materials

• If clothing or bedding materials come in direct contact with broken glass or mercury-containing powder from inside the bulb that may stick to the fabric, the clothing or bedding should be thrown away. Do not wash such clothing or bedding because mercury fragments in the clothing may contaminate the machine and/or pollute sewage.
• You can, however, wash clothing or other materials that have been exposed to the mercury vapor from a broken CFL, such as the clothing you are wearing when you cleaned up the broken CFL, as long as that clothing has not come into direct contact with the materials from the broken bulb.
• If shoes come into direct contact with broken glass or mercury-containing powder from the bulb, wipe them off with damp paper towels or disposable wet wipes. Place the towels or wipes in a glass jar or plastic bag for disposal.

Disposal of Clean-up Materials

• Immediately place all clean-up materials outdoors in a trash container or protected area for the next normal trash pickup.
• Wash your hands after disposing of the jars or plastic bags containing clean-up materials.
• Check with your local or state government about disposal requirements in your specific area. Some states do not allow such trash disposal. Instead, they require that broken and unbroken mercury-containing bulbs be taken to a local recycling center.

Future Cleaning of Carpeting or Rug: Air Out the Room During and After Vacuuming

• The next several times you vacuum, shut off the central forced-air heating/air conditioning system and open a window before vacuuming.
• Keep the central heating/air conditioning system shut off and the window open for at least 15 minutes after vacuuming is completed.

• Have everyone else leave the area; don't let anyone walk through the mercury on their way out. Make sure all pets are removed from the area. Open all windows and doors to the outside; shut all doors to other parts of the house.

• DO NOT allow children to help you clean up the spill.

• Mercury can be cleaned up easily from the following surfaces: wood, linoleum, tile and any similarly smooth surfaces.

• If a spill occurs on carpet, curtains, upholstery or other absorbent surfaces, these contaminated items should be thrown away in accordance with the disposal means outlined below. Only cut and remove the affected portion of the contaminated carpet for disposal.

• Cleanup Instructions

  1. Put on rubber, nitrile or latex gloves.

  2. If there are any broken pieces of glass or sharp objects, pick them up with care. Place all broken objects on a paper towel. Fold the paper towel and place in a zip lock bag. Secure the bag and label it as directed by your local health or fire department.

  3. Locate visible mercury beads. Use a squeegee or cardboard to gather mercury beads. Use slow sweeping motions to keep mercury from becoming uncontrollable. Take a flashlight, hold it at a low angle close to the floor in a darkened room and look for additional glistening beads of mercury that may be sticking to the surface or in small cracked areas of the surface. Note: Mercury can move surprising distances on hard-flat surfaces, so be sure to inspect the entire room when "searching."

  4. Use the eyedropper to collect or draw up the mercury beads. Slowly and carefully squeeze mercury onto a damp paper towel. Place the paper towel in a zip lock bag and secure. Make sure to label the bag as directed by your local health or fire department.

  5. After you remove larger beads, put shaving cream on top of small paint brush and gently "dot" the affected area to pick up smaller hard-to-see beads. Alternatively, use duct tape to collect smaller hard-to-see beads. Place the paint brush or duct tape in a zip lock bag and secure. Make sure to label the bag as directed by your local health or fire department.

  6. OPTIONAL STEP: It is OPTIONAL to use commercially available powdered sulfur to absorb the beads that are too small to see. The sulfur does two things: (1) it makes the mercury easier to see since there may be a color change from yellow to brown and (2) it binds the mercury so that it can be easily removed and suppresses the vapor of any missing mercury. Where to get commercialized sulfur? It may be supplied as mercury vapor absorbent in mercury spill kits, which can be purchased from laboratory, chemical supply and hazardous materials response supply manufacturers. Note: Powdered sulfur may stain fabrics a dark color. When using powdered sulfur, do not breathe in the powder as it can be moderately toxic. Additionally, users should read and understand product information before use.

  7. If you choose not to use this option, you may want to request the services of a contractor who has monitoring equipment to screen for mercury vapors. Consult your local environmental or health agency to inquire about contractors in your area. Place all materials used with the cleanup, including gloves, in a trash bag. Place all mercury beads and objects into the trash bag. Secure trash bag and label it as directed by your local health or fire department.

  8. Contact your local health department, municipal waste authority or your local fire department for proper disposal in accordance with local, state and federal laws.

  9. Remember to keep the area well ventilated to the outside (i.e., windows open and fans in exterior windows running) for at least 24 hours after your successful cleanup. Continue to keep pets and children out of cleanup area. If sickness occurs, seek medical attention immediately. View information on health effects related to exposures to vapors from metallic mercury. For additional information on health effects, the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) provides a Mercury Fact Sheet that also presents information on health effects related to exposures to vapors from metallic mercury.

  Recommendation: If there are young children or pregnant women in the house, seek additional advice from your local or state health or state environmental agency.

  Top of page

  Spills of More than the Amount in a Thermometer, but Less Than or Similar to Two Tablespoons (One Pound) Cleanup Instructions

  1. Have everyone else leave the area; don't let anyone walk through the mercury on their way out.
  2. Open all windows and doors to the outside.
  3. Turn down the temperature.
  4. Shut all doors to other parts of the house, and leave the area.
  Don't vacuum.
  5. Call your local or state health or environmental agency.

  Top of page

  Spills of More than Two Tablespoons (One Pound)

  Any time one pound or more of mercury is released to the environment, it is mandatory to call the National Response Center (NRC). The NRC hotline operates 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Call (800) 424-8802. Note that because mercury is heavy, only two tablespoons of mercury weigh about one pound.

• HOW IS THIS BETTER????   ANYONE?

• www.poedpatriot.blogspot.com

• bo

EPA on HOW TO CLEAN UP A NEW LIGHTBULB. Humans use mercury in a variety of manufacturing processes and products such as thermometers and fluorescent bulbs. If you improperly dispose of products with mercury in them, they may break and release mercury vapors which are harmful to human and ecological health. Dispose of used mercury-containing items properly. Clean up mercury spills properly and report them to the proper authorities when necessary. Spills What Never to Do with a Mercury Spill Never use a vacuum cleaner to clean up mercury (but see the "What to Do if a Fluorescent Light Bulb Breaks" section below for more specific instructions about vacuuming broken fluorescent light bulbs). The vacuum will put mercury into the air and increase exposure. Never use a broom to clean up mercury. It will break the mercury into smaller droplets and spread them.  Never pour mercury down a drain. It may lodge in the plumbing and cause future problems during plumbing repairs. If discharged, it can cause pollution of the septic tank or sewage treatment plant. Never wash clothing or other items that have come in direct contact with mercury in a washing machine, because mercury may contaminate the machine and/or pollute sewage. Clothing that has come into direct contact with mercury should be discarded. By "direct contact," we mean that mercury was (or has been) spilled directly on the clothing. For example: if you broke a mercury thermometer and some of elemental mercury beads came in contact with your clothing, or if you broke a compact fluorescent bulb (CFL) so that broken glass and other material from the bulb, including mercury-containing powder, came into contact with your clothing. You can, however, wash clothing or other materials that have been exposed to the mercury vapor from a broken CFL, like the clothing you happened to be wearing when you cleaned up the broken CFL, as long as that clothing has not come into direct contact with the materials from the broken bulb.  Never walk around if your shoes might be contaminated with mercury. Contaminated clothing can also spread mercury around. What to Do if a Fluorescent Light Bulb Breaks Compact fluorescent lights (CFLs) are lighting more homes than ever before, and EPA is encouraging Americans to use and recycle them safely. Carefully recycling CFLs prevents the release of mercury into the environment and allows for the reuse of glass, metals and other materials that make up fluorescent lights. EPA is continually reviewing its clean-up and disposal recommendations for CFLs to ensure that the Agency presents the most up-to-date information for consumers and businesses. Maine's Department of Environmental Protection released a CFL breakage study report on February 25, 2008. EPA has conducted an initial review of this study and, as a result of this review, we have updated the CFL cleanup instructions below. Pending the completion of a full review of the Maine study, EPA will determine whether additional changes to the cleanup recommendations are warranted. The agency plans to conduct its own study on CFLs after thorough review of the Maine study.Fluorescent light bulbs contain a very small amount of mercury sealed within the glass tubing. EPA recommends the following clean-up and disposal below. Please also read the information on this page about what never to do with a mercury spill. Before Clean-up: Air Out the Room Have people and pets leave the room, and don't let anyone walk through the breakage area on their way out. Open a window and leave the room for 15 minutes or more. Shut off the central forced-air heating/air conditioning system, if you have one. Clean-Up Steps for Hard Surfaces Carefully scoop up glass pieces and powder using stiff paper or cardboard and place them in a glass jar with metal lid (such as a canning jar) or in a sealed plastic bag. Use sticky tape, such as duct tape, to pick up any remaining small glass fragments and powder. Wipe the area clean with damp paper towels or disposable wet wipes. Place towels in the glass jar or plastic bag. Do not use a vacuum or broom to clean up the broken bulb on hard surfaces. Clean-up Steps for Carpeting or Rug Carefully pick up glass fragments and place them in a glass jar with metal lid (such as a canning jar) or in a sealed plastic bag. Use sticky tape, such as duct tape, to pick up any remaining small glass fragments and powder. If vacuuming is needed after all visible materials are removed, vacuum the area where the bulb was broken. Remove the vacuum bag (or empty and wipe the canister), and put the bag or vacuum debris in a sealed plastic bag. Clean-up Steps for Clothing, Bedding and Other Soft Materials If clothing or bedding materials come in direct contact with broken glass or mercury-containing powder from inside the bulb that may stick to the fabric, the clothing or bedding should be thrown away. Do not wash such clothing or bedding because mercury fragments in the clothing may contaminate the machine and/or pollute sewage. You can, however, wash clothing or other materials that have been exposed to the mercury vapor from a broken CFL, such as the clothing you are wearing when you cleaned up the broken CFL, as long as that clothing has not come into direct contact with the materials from the broken bulb. If shoes come into direct contact with broken glass or mercury-containing powder from the bulb, wipe them off with damp paper towels or disposable wet wipes. Place the towels or wipes in a glass jar or plastic bag for disposal. Disposal of Clean-up Materials Immediately place all clean-up materials outdoors in a trash container or protected area for the next normal trash pickup. Wash your hands after disposing of the jars or plastic bags containing clean-up materials. Check with your local or state government about disposal requirements in your specific area. Some states do not allow such trash disposal. Instead, they require that broken and unbroken mercury-containing bulbs be taken to a local recycling center. Future Cleaning of Carpeting or Rug: Air Out the Room During and After Vacuuming The next several times you vacuum, shut off the central forced-air heating/air conditioning system and open a window before vacuuming. Keep the central heating/air conditioning system shut off and the window open for at least 15 minutes after vacuuming is completed. Have everyone else leave the area; don't let anyone walk through the mercury on their way out. Make sure all pets are removed from the area. Open all windows and doors to the outside; shut all doors to other parts of the house. DO NOT allow children to help you clean up the spill. Mercury can be cleaned up easily from the following surfaces: wood, linoleum, tile and any similarly smooth surfaces. If a spill occurs on carpet, curtains, upholstery or other absorbent surfaces, these contaminated items should be thrown away in accordance with the disposal means outlined below. Only cut and remove the affected portion of the contaminated carpet for disposal. Cleanup Instructions Put on rubber, nitrile or latex gloves. If there are any broken pieces of glass or sharp objects, pick them up with care. Place all broken objects on a paper towel. Fold the paper towel and place in a zip lock bag. Secure the bag and label it as directed by your local health or fire department. Locate visible mercury beads. Use a squeegee or cardboard to gather mercury beads. Use slow sweeping motions to keep mercury from becoming uncontrollable. Take a flashlight, hold it at a low angle close to the floor in a darkened room and look for additional glistening beads of mercury that may be sticking to the surface or in small cracked areas of the surface. Note: Mercury can move surprising distances on hard-flat surfaces, so be sure to inspect the entire room when "searching." Use the eyedropper to collect or draw up the mercury beads. Slowly and carefully squeeze mercury onto a damp paper towel. Place the paper towel in a zip lock bag and secure. Make sure to label the bag as directed by your local health or fire department. After you remove larger beads, put shaving cream on top of small paint brush and gently "dot" the affected area to pick up smaller hard-to-see beads. Alternatively, use duct tape to collect smaller hard-to-see beads. Place the paint brush or duct tape in a zip lock bag and secure. Make sure to label the bag as directed by your local health or fire department. OPTIONAL STEP: It is OPTIONAL to use commercially available powdered sulfur to absorb the beads that are too small to see. The sulfur does two things: (1) it makes the mercury easier to see since there may be a color change from yellow to brown and (2) it binds the mercury so that it can be easily removed and suppresses the vapor of any missing mercury. Where to get commercialized sulfur? It may be supplied as mercury vapor absorbent in mercury spill kits, which can be purchased from laboratory, chemical supply and hazardous materials response supply manufacturers. Note: Powdered sulfur may stain fabrics a dark color. When using powdered sulfur, do not breathe in the powder as it can be moderately toxic. Additionally, users should read and understand product information before use. If you choose not to use this option, you may want to request the services of a contractor who has monitoring equipment to screen for mercury vapors. Consult your local environmental or health agency to inquire about contractors in your area. Place all materials used with the cleanup, including gloves, in a trash bag. Place all mercury beads and objects into the trash bag. Secure trash bag and label it as directed by your local health or fire department. Contact your local health department, municipal waste authority or your local fire department for proper disposal in accordance with local, state and federal laws. Remember to keep the area well ventilated to the outside (i.e., windows open and fans in exterior windows running) for at least 24 hours after your successful cleanup. Continue to keep pets and children out of cleanup area. If sickness occurs, seek medical attention immediately. View information on health effects related to exposures to vapors from metallic mercury. For additional information on health effects, the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) provides a Mercury Fact Sheet that also presents information on health effects related to exposures to vapors from metallic mercury.  Recommendation: If there are young children or pregnant women in the house, seek additional advice from your local or state health or state environmental agency. Spills of More than the Amount in a Thermometer, but Less Than or Similar to Two Tablespoons (One Pound) Cleanup Instructions 1. Have everyone else leave the area; don't let anyone walk through the mercury on their way out.
2. Open all windows and doors to the outside.
3. Turn down the temperature.
4. Shut all doors to other parts of the house, and leave the area.
Don't vacuum.
5. Call your local or state health or environmental agency. Spills of More than Two Tablespoons (One Pound) Any time one pound or more of mercury is released to the environment, it is mandatory to call the National Response Center (NRC). The NRC hotline operates 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Call (800) 424-8802. Note that because mercury is heavy, only two tablespoons of mercury weigh about one pound. HOW IS THIS BETTER????   ANYONE? www.poedpatriot.blogspot.com ne

EPA on HOW TO CLEAN UP A NEW LIGHTBULB.

Humans use mercury in a variety of manufacturing processes and products such as thermometers and fluorescent bulbs. If you improperly dispose of products with mercury in them, they may break and release mercury vapors which are harmful to human and ecological health.

Dispose of used mercury-containing items properly. Clean up mercury spills properly and report them to the proper authorities when necessary.

---

Spills What Never to Do with a Mercury Spill

Never use a vacuum cleaner to clean up mercury (but see the "What to Do if a Fluorescent Light Bulb Breaks" section below for more specific instructions about vacuuming broken fluorescent light bulbs). The vacuum will put mercury into the air and increase exposure.

Never use a broom to clean up mercury. It will break the mercury into smaller droplets and spread them.

Never pour mercury down a drain. It may lodge in the plumbing and cause future problems during plumbing repairs. If discharged, it can cause pollution of the septic tank or sewage treatment plant.

Never wash clothing or other items that have come in direct contact with mercury in a washing machine, because mercury may contaminate the machine and/or pollute sewage. Clothing that has come into direct contact with mercury should be discarded. By "direct contact," we mean that mercury was (or has been) spilled directly on the clothing. For example: if you broke a mercury thermometer and some of elemental mercury beads came in contact with your clothing, or if you broke a compact fluorescent bulb (CFL) so that broken glass and other material from the bulb, including mercury-containing powder, came into contact with your clothing.

You can, however, wash clothing or other materials that have been exposed to the mercury vapor from a broken CFL, like the clothing you happened to be wearing when you cleaned up the broken CFL, as long as that clothing has not come into direct contact with the materials from the broken bulb.

Never walk around if your shoes might be contaminated with mercury. Contaminated clothing can also spread mercury around.

Top of page

What to Do if a Fluorescent Light Bulb Breaks

Compact fluorescent lights (CFLs) are lighting more homes than ever before, and EPA is encouraging Americans to use and recycle them safely. Carefully recycling CFLs prevents the release of mercury into the environment and allows for the reuse of glass, metals and other materials that make up fluorescent lights.

EPA is continually reviewing its clean-up and disposal recommendations for CFLs to ensure that the Agency presents the most up-to-date information for consumers and businesses. Maine's Department of Environmental Protection released a CFL breakage study report on February 25, 2008. EPA has conducted an initial review of this study and, as a result of this review, we have updated the CFL cleanup instructions below.

Pending the completion of a full review of the Maine study, EPA will determine whether additional changes to the cleanup recommendations are warranted. The agency plans to conduct its own study on CFLs after thorough review of the Maine study.

Fluorescent light bulbs contain a very small amount of mercury sealed within the glass tubing. EPA recommends the following clean-up and disposal below. Please also read the information on this page about what never to do with a mercury spill. Before Clean-up: Air Out the Room Have people and pets leave the room, and don't let anyone walk through the breakage area on their way out. Open a window and leave the room for 15 minutes or more. Shut off the central forced-air heating/air conditioning system, if you have one.

Clean-Up Steps for Hard Surfaces

Carefully scoop up glass pieces and powder using stiff paper or cardboard and place them in a glass jar with metal lid (such as a canning jar) or in a sealed plastic bag. Use sticky tape, such as duct tape, to pick up any remaining small glass fragments and powder. Wipe the area clean with damp paper towels or disposable wet wipes. Place towels in the glass jar or plastic bag. Do not use a vacuum or broom to clean up the broken bulb on hard surfaces.

Clean-up Steps for Carpeting or Rug

Carefully pick up glass fragments and place them in a glass jar with metal lid (such as a canning jar) or in a sealed plastic bag. Use sticky tape, such as duct tape, to pick up any remaining small glass fragments and powder. If vacuuming is needed after all visible materials are removed, vacuum the area where the bulb was broken. Remove the vacuum bag (or empty and wipe the canister), and put the bag or vacuum debris in a sealed plastic bag.

Clean-up Steps for Clothing, Bedding and Other Soft Materials

If clothing or bedding materials come in direct contact with broken glass or mercury-containing powder from inside the bulb that may stick to the fabric, the clothing or bedding should be thrown away. Do not wash such clothing or bedding because mercury fragments in the clothing may contaminate the machine and/or pollute sewage. You can, however, wash clothing or other materials that have been exposed to the mercury vapor from a broken CFL, such as the clothing you are wearing when you cleaned up the broken CFL, as long as that clothing has not come into direct contact with the materials from the broken bulb. If shoes come into direct contact with broken glass or mercury-containing powder from the bulb, wipe them off with damp paper towels or disposable wet wipes. Place the towels or wipes in a glass jar or plastic bag for disposal.

Disposal of Clean-up Materials

Immediately place all clean-up materials outdoors in a trash container or protected area for the next normal trash pickup. Wash your hands after disposing of the jars or plastic bags containing clean-up materials. Check with your local or state government about disposal requirements in your specific area. Some states do not allow such trash disposal. Instead, they require that broken and unbroken mercury-containing bulbs be taken to a local recycling center.

Future Cleaning of Carpeting or Rug: Air Out the Room During and After Vacuuming

The next several times you vacuum, shut off the central forced-air heating/air conditioning system and open a window before vacuuming. Keep the central heating/air conditioning system shut off and the window open for at least 15 minutes after vacuuming is completed.

Have everyone else leave the area; don't let anyone walk through the mercury on their way out. Make sure all pets are removed from the area. Open all windows and doors to the outside; shut all doors to other parts of the house.

DO NOT allow children to help you clean up the spill.

Mercury can be cleaned up easily from the following surfaces: wood, linoleum, tile and any similarly smooth surfaces.

If a spill occurs on carpet, curtains, upholstery or other absorbent surfaces, these contaminated items should be thrown away in accordance with the disposal means outlined below. Only cut and remove the affected portion of the contaminated carpet for disposal.

Cleanup Instructions

Put on rubber, nitrile or latex gloves.

If there are any broken pieces of glass or sharp objects, pick them up with care. Place all broken objects on a paper towel. Fold the paper towel and place in a zip lock bag. Secure the bag and label it as directed by your local health or fire department.

Locate visible mercury beads. Use a squeegee or cardboard to gather mercury beads. Use slow sweeping motions to keep mercury from becoming uncontrollable. Take a flashlight, hold it at a low angle close to the floor in a darkened room and look for additional glistening beads of mercury that may be sticking to the surface or in small cracked areas of the surface. Note: Mercury can move surprising distances on hard-flat surfaces, so be sure to inspect the entire room when "searching."

Use the eyedropper to collect or draw up the mercury beads. Slowly and carefully squeeze mercury onto a damp paper towel. Place the paper towel in a zip lock bag and secure. Make sure to label the bag as directed by your local health or fire department.

After you remove larger beads, put shaving cream on top of small paint brush and gently "dot" the affected area to pick up smaller hard-to-see beads. Alternatively, use duct tape to collect smaller hard-to-see beads. Place the paint brush or duct tape in a zip lock bag and secure. Make sure to label the bag as directed by your local health or fire department.

OPTIONAL STEP: It is OPTIONAL to use commercially available powdered sulfur to absorb the beads that are too small to see. The sulfur does two things: (1) it makes the mercury easier to see since there may be a color change from yellow to brown and (2) it binds the mercury so that it can be easily removed and suppresses the vapor of any missing mercury. Where to get commercialized sulfur? It may be supplied as mercury vapor absorbent in mercury spill kits, which can be purchased from laboratory, chemical supply and hazardous materials response supply manufacturers. Note: Powdered sulfur may stain fabrics a dark color. When using powdered sulfur, do not breathe in the powder as it can be moderately toxic. Additionally, users should read and understand product information before use.

If you choose not to use this option, you may want to request the services of a contractor who has monitoring equipment to screen for mercury vapors. Consult your local environmental or health agency to inquire about contractors in your area. Place all materials used with the cleanup, including gloves, in a trash bag. Place all mercury beads and objects into the trash bag. Secure trash bag and label it as directed by your local health or fire department.

Contact your local health department, municipal waste authority or your local fire department for proper disposal in accordance with local, state and federal laws.

Remember to keep the area well ventilated to the outside (i.e., windows open and fans in exterior windows running) for at least 24 hours after your successful cleanup. Continue to keep pets and children out of cleanup area. If sickness occurs, seek medical attention immediately. View information on health effects related to exposures to vapors from metallic mercury. For additional information on health effects, the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) provides a Mercury Fact Sheet that also presents information on health effects related to exposures to vapors from metallic mercury.

Recommendation: If there are young children or pregnant women in the house, seek additional advice from your local or state health or state environmental agency.

Top of page

Spills of More than the Amount in a Thermometer, but Less Than or Similar to Two Tablespoons (One Pound) Cleanup Instructions

1. Have everyone else leave the area; don't let anyone walk through the mercury on their way out.
2. Open all windows and doors to the outside.
3. Turn down the temperature.
4. Shut all doors to other parts of the house, and leave the area.
Don't vacuum.
5. Call your local or state health or environmental agency.

Top of page

Spills of More than Two Tablespoons (One Pound)

Any time one pound or more of mercury is released to the environment, it is mandatory to call the National Response Center (NRC). The NRC hotline operates 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Call (800) 424-8802. Note that because mercury is heavy, only two tablespoons of mercury weigh about one pound.

HOW IS THIS BETTER????   ANYONE?

www.poedpatriot.blogspot.com

wau

EPA on HOW TO CLEAN UP A NEW LIGHTBULB.

Humans use mercury in a variety of manufacturing processes and products such as thermometers and fluorescent bulbs. If you improperly dispose of products with mercury in them, they may break and release mercury vapors which are harmful to human and ecological health.

• Dispose of used mercury-containing items properly.
• Clean up mercury spills properly and report them to the proper authorities when necessary.

---

Spills What Never to Do with a Mercury Spill

• Never use a vacuum cleaner to clean up mercury (but see the "What to Do if a Fluorescent Light Bulb Breaks" section below for more specific instructions about vacuuming broken fluorescent light bulbs). The vacuum will put mercury into the air and increase exposure.

• Never use a broom to clean up mercury. It will break the mercury into smaller droplets and spread them.

• Never pour mercury down a drain. It may lodge in the plumbing and cause future problems during plumbing repairs. If discharged, it can cause pollution of the septic tank or sewage treatment plant.

• Never wash clothing or other items that have come in direct contact with mercury in a washing machine, because mercury may contaminate the machine and/or pollute sewage. Clothing that has come into direct contact with mercury should be discarded. By "direct contact," we mean that mercury was (or has been) spilled directly on the clothing. For example:
  • if you broke a mercury thermometer and some of elemental mercury beads came in contact with your clothing, or
  • if you broke a compact fluorescent bulb (CFL) so that broken glass and other material from the bulb, including mercury-containing powder, came into contact with your clothing.

  You can, however, wash clothing or other materials that have been exposed to the mercury vapor from a broken CFL, like the clothing you happened to be wearing when you cleaned up the broken CFL, as long as that clothing has not come into direct contact with the materials from the broken bulb.

• Never walk around if your shoes might be contaminated with mercury. Contaminated clothing can also spread mercury around.

Top of page

What to Do if a Fluorescent Light Bulb Breaks

Compact fluorescent lights (CFLs) are lighting more homes than ever before, and EPA is encouraging Americans to use and recycle them safely. Carefully recycling CFLs prevents the release of mercury into the environment and allows for the reuse of glass, metals and other materials that make up fluorescent lights.

EPA is continually reviewing its clean-up and disposal recommendations for CFLs to ensure that the Agency presents the most up-to-date information for consumers and businesses. Maine's Department of Environmental Protection released a CFL breakage study report on February 25, 2008. EPA has conducted an initial review of this study and, as a result of this review, we have updated the CFL cleanup instructions below.

Pending the completion of a full review of the Maine study, EPA will determine whether additional changes to the cleanup recommendations are warranted. The agency plans to conduct its own study on CFLs after thorough review of the Maine study.

Fluorescent light bulbs contain a very small amount of mercury sealed within the glass tubing. EPA recommends the following clean-up and disposal below. Please also read the information on this page about what never to do with a mercury spill. Before Clean-up: Air Out the Room

• Have people and pets leave the room, and don't let anyone walk through the breakage area on their way out.
• Open a window and leave the room for 15 minutes or more.
• Shut off the central forced-air heating/air conditioning system, if you have one.

Clean-Up Steps for Hard Surfaces

• Carefully scoop up glass pieces and powder using stiff paper or cardboard and place them in a glass jar with metal lid (such as a canning jar) or in a sealed plastic bag.
• Use sticky tape, such as duct tape, to pick up any remaining small glass fragments and powder.
• Wipe the area clean with damp paper towels or disposable wet wipes. Place towels in the glass jar or plastic bag.
• Do not use a vacuum or broom to clean up the broken bulb on hard surfaces.

Clean-up Steps for Carpeting or Rug

• Carefully pick up glass fragments and place them in a glass jar with metal lid (such as a canning jar) or in a sealed plastic bag.
• Use sticky tape, such as duct tape, to pick up any remaining small glass fragments and powder.
• If vacuuming is needed after all visible materials are removed, vacuum the area where the bulb was broken.
• Remove the vacuum bag (or empty and wipe the canister), and put the bag or vacuum debris in a sealed plastic bag.

Clean-up Steps for Clothing, Bedding and Other Soft Materials

• If clothing or bedding materials come in direct contact with broken glass or mercury-containing powder from inside the bulb that may stick to the fabric, the clothing or bedding should be thrown away. Do not wash such clothing or bedding because mercury fragments in the clothing may contaminate the machine and/or pollute sewage.
• You can, however, wash clothing or other materials that have been exposed to the mercury vapor from a broken CFL, such as the clothing you are wearing when you cleaned up the broken CFL, as long as that clothing has not come into direct contact with the materials from the broken bulb.
• If shoes come into direct contact with broken glass or mercury-containing powder from the bulb, wipe them off with damp paper towels or disposable wet wipes. Place the towels or wipes in a glass jar or plastic bag for disposal.

Disposal of Clean-up Materials

• Immediately place all clean-up materials outdoors in a trash container or protected area for the next normal trash pickup.
• Wash your hands after disposing of the jars or plastic bags containing clean-up materials.
• Check with your local or state government about disposal requirements in your specific area. Some states do not allow such trash disposal. Instead, they require that broken and unbroken mercury-containing bulbs be taken to a local recycling center.

Future Cleaning of Carpeting or Rug: Air Out the Room During and After Vacuuming

• The next several times you vacuum, shut off the central forced-air heating/air conditioning system and open a window before vacuuming.
• Keep the central heating/air conditioning system shut off and the window open for at least 15 minutes after vacuuming is completed.

• Have everyone else leave the area; don't let anyone walk through the mercury on their way out. Make sure all pets are removed from the area. Open all windows and doors to the outside; shut all doors to other parts of the house.

• DO NOT allow children to help you clean up the spill.

• Mercury can be cleaned up easily from the following surfaces: wood, linoleum, tile and any similarly smooth surfaces.

• If a spill occurs on carpet, curtains, upholstery or other absorbent surfaces, these contaminated items should be thrown away in accordance with the disposal means outlined below. Only cut and remove the affected portion of the contaminated carpet for disposal.

• Cleanup Instructions

  1. Put on rubber, nitrile or latex gloves.

  2. If there are any broken pieces of glass or sharp objects, pick them up with care. Place all broken objects on a paper towel. Fold the paper towel and place in a zip lock bag. Secure the bag and label it as directed by your local health or fire department.

  3. Locate visible mercury beads. Use a squeegee or cardboard to gather mercury beads. Use slow sweeping motions to keep mercury from becoming uncontrollable. Take a flashlight, hold it at a low angle close to the floor in a darkened room and look for additional glistening beads of mercury that may be sticking to the surface or in small cracked areas of the surface. Note: Mercury can move surprising distances on hard-flat surfaces, so be sure to inspect the entire room when "searching."

  4. Use the eyedropper to collect or draw up the mercury beads. Slowly and carefully squeeze mercury onto a damp paper towel. Place the paper towel in a zip lock bag and secure. Make sure to label the bag as directed by your local health or fire department.

  5. After you remove larger beads, put shaving cream on top of small paint brush and gently "dot" the affected area to pick up smaller hard-to-see beads. Alternatively, use duct tape to collect smaller hard-to-see beads. Place the paint brush or duct tape in a zip lock bag and secure. Make sure to label the bag as directed by your local health or fire department.

  6. OPTIONAL STEP: It is OPTIONAL to use commercially available powdered sulfur to absorb the beads that are too small to see. The sulfur does two things: (1) it makes the mercury easier to see since there may be a color change from yellow to brown and (2) it binds the mercury so that it can be easily removed and suppresses the vapor of any missing mercury. Where to get commercialized sulfur? It may be supplied as mercury vapor absorbent in mercury spill kits, which can be purchased from laboratory, chemical supply and hazardous materials response supply manufacturers. Note: Powdered sulfur may stain fabrics a dark color. When using powdered sulfur, do not breathe in the powder as it can be moderately toxic. Additionally, users should read and understand product information before use.

  7. If you choose not to use this option, you may want to request the services of a contractor who has monitoring equipment to screen for mercury vapors. Consult your local environmental or health agency to inquire about contractors in your area. Place all materials used with the cleanup, including gloves, in a trash bag. Place all mercury beads and objects into the trash bag. Secure trash bag and label it as directed by your local health or fire department.

  8. Contact your local health department, municipal waste authority or your local fire department for proper disposal in accordance with local, state and federal laws.

  9. Remember to keep the area well ventilated to the outside (i.e., windows open and fans in exterior windows running) for at least 24 hours after your successful cleanup. Continue to keep pets and children out of cleanup area. If sickness occurs, seek medical attention immediately. View information on health effects related to exposures to vapors from metallic mercury. For additional information on health effects, the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) provides a Mercury Fact Sheet that also presents information on health effects related to exposures to vapors from metallic mercury.

  Recommendation: If there are young children or pregnant women in the house, seek additional advice from your local or state health or state environmental agency.

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  Spills of More than the Amount in a Thermometer, but Less Than or Similar to Two Tablespoons (One Pound) Cleanup Instructions

  1. Have everyone else leave the area; don't let anyone walk through the mercury on their way out.
  2. Open all windows and doors to the outside.
  3. Turn down the temperature.
  4. Shut all doors to other parts of the house, and leave the area.
  Don't vacuum.
  5. Call your local or state health or environmental agency.

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  Spills of More than Two Tablespoons (One Pound)

  Any time one pound or more of mercury is released to the environment, it is mandatory to call the National Response Center (NRC). The NRC hotline operates 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Call (800) 424-8802. Note that because mercury is heavy, only two tablespoons of mercury weigh about one pound.

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